Increasing My Fuel Mileage on a 98 Gmc Sanoma 4.3 Litre by Changing the Differential Gears UPDATED

Increasing My Fuel Mileage on a 98 Gmc Sanoma 4.3 Litre by Changing the Differential Gears

The Concept Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

The nigh important claiming facing car manufacturers today is to offering vehicles that deliver excellent fuel efficiency and superb performance while maintaining cleaner emissions and driving comfort. Growing awareness of global warming as a big threat to the environment, has added nevertheless another dimension to this claiming. In social club to foreclose global warming, the reduction of CO2, one of the greenhouse gases, is called for. In order to accomplish reduction of CO2, there is an immediate demand to develop and promote widely, the use of an automotive power found that emits significantly less CO2 than conventional petrol engines.�

  The Gasoline Direct Injection technologies are products efforts to maximize fuel economic system, and thereby minimize environmental impact at an accessible toll by harnessing the GDI's inherent advantages. They are designed to widen credence of environmentally friendly engineering by negating problems associated with alternative engine technologies, namely cost and performance restrictions as well as the lack of support infrastructure. GDI-technologies deliver a 10~30% improvement in fuel economy over a electric current GDI-engine, along with enhanced drivability.

   Reverse to what Mitsubishi or Citroen may merits, neither company is the first , or even the first European company to mass produce a straight injection gasoline engine. That honour belongs to the Goliath from Germany (Borgward) from the early 50's (postwar Goliath new model started in 1950.) It was a minicar (not a microcar-that was the Lloyd).   Both the Goliath and Lloyd were transverse engine front wheel drives with CV joints (in 1950, many years earlier Alec Issigonis "invented" both for the Mini).The Goliath even had a fully synchronized four speed transaxle and 4 bicycle independent break dorsum and then.
Has written Dean Stanley

ECU 3S-FSE (33108 bytes)

  In the these engine, petrol is directly injected into the cylinder, eliminating many of the hitherto restrictions on combustion command, such as the impossibility of adding fuel subsequently the induction valves were airtight. By achieving precise combustion control that is complimentary of restrictions, the GDI delivers a previously unseen combination of fuel economy and power. In conventional engines, fuel and air are mixed outside the cylinder. This ensures waste product betwixt the mixing betoken and the cylinder, too as imperfect injection timing. But in the Toyota D4 engine, petrol is injected directly into the cylinder with precise timing, eliminating waste matter and inefficiency.

MAP-sensors (27592 bytes)

  For years, engineers have known that if they could build a petrol engine that worked like a diesel engine-in other words, one in which fuel is injected directly into the cylinder and the stratified, rich mixture right near the spark plug is ignited-they would have an engine that achieved both the fuel efficiency of a diesel engine and attained the high output of a conventional petrol engine. Still, development of such an engine has been impeded by petrol's poor combustibility. Diesel engines operate on a thermodynamic wheel, meaning that as long as a sufficient temperature is reached, thorough ignition will occur regardless of the air/fuel mixture condition. In order to achieve combustion with petrol, gaseous fuel and air must be mixed to form only the right air/fuel mixture, and precise control of position and timing of the air/fuel mixture is necessary to ensure commitment of this mixture to the very limited space between the spark plug electrodes in the very specific timing of ignition. The Gasoline Direct Injection engine is able to achieve this through applied science that enables precise control over the air/fuel mixture.

Pump Hight Pressure (1) 3S-FSE (27921 bytes) Pump Hight Pressure (2) 3S-FSE (38042 bytes)

  The GDI engine's ability to precisely command the mixing of the air and fuel is due to a new concept called wide spacing, whereby injection of the fuel spray occurs farther abroad from the spark plug than in a conventional petrol engine, creating a broad infinite that enables optimum mixing of gaseous fuel and air. In stratified combustion (Ultra-Lean Mode), fuel is injected towards the curved pinnacle of the piston crown rather than towards the spark plug, during the latter stage of the pinch stroke. The movement of the fuel spray, the piston head's deflection of the spray and the flow of air within the cylinder cause the spray to vaporize and disperse. The resulting mixture of gaseous fuel and air is and so carried up to the spark plug for ignition. The biggest reward of this system is that it enables precise command over the air-to-fuel ratio at the spark plug at the point of ignition.
In spring 1999, Mitsubishi has entered a GDI-equipped car (Carisma witch one.8-litre 4G93 GDI engine, ) in Europe that satisfies lower European emission standards proposed for the year 2000, while in autumn 1999 MMC has entered a GDI-equipped car in North America that complies with U.Due south. Ultra-Low-Emission Vehicle (ULEV) standards. Toyota lets out automobiles with D-4 (GDI) by engines ( 3S-FSE , 2.0-litre; 1JZ-FSE , ii.5-litre) in 1998 and only for a home market: Vista, Nadia etc. Nissan makes the NEO Di+HYPER CVT iii.0-litre Engines VG30dd (PS/rpm - 230/6400). BOSCH lets out a system GDI - Moronic MED7.
Mitsubishi released the ultra-efficient GDI engine in August 1996, becoming the world'southward first automaker to successfully build a production in-cylinder direct-injection gasoline engine. For many years the dream of automotive engineers, the GDI engine employs four core technologies to achieve ultra-efficient fuel economy, make clean performance and powerful output. These exclusive Mitsubishi technologies are the "upright intake port" that generates smooth intake menstruum and a powerful vertical vortex; the "loftier-pressure fuel pump" that is necessary to inject fuel directly into the cylinder; the "high pressure swirl injector" that injects the fuel in an optimised spray pattern; and the "curved pinnacle piston" that maintain the meaty spray pattern. By adopting these innovative technologies, we gained free command over the fuel-air mixture and combustion, minimised emission gases, at the same time increasing fuel economy and output. The GDI engine has earned worldwide acclamation, and over 600,000 Mitsubishi cars are already equipped with the engineering.

The stuffs utilized the reports on 1999 Motor Show, Caps "Toyota 2001", toyota.co.jp/, mitsubishi-motors.co.jp/
nissan.co.jp and other

Gasoline Direct Injection Engine


Nadia

  J���������� ���� ����������� ������� �� ������� ��������� 3S-FSE, DOHC, 16V, VVT-i, (E-SCV) Toyota (D4=Straight Injection, 4 Stroke Gasoline Engine).

D irect gasoline injection

D ynamic mixture germination

D ecisive combustion control

D elightful performance

������� ����������� ���������� ������� ������� ����������� � ���, ��� ������� �������� ��������������� � �������� ����� ��������, ������� ����������� � ����� � ��� ��������� � ������� ��� ������, ��� � ������� ����������� ��������. ��� ���������, ����������� ���������� ������� ���������� ������� ����������� ��� ��������. �������� � ��������� ������� ��������� ������� �������� �������� (High pressure Fuel Pump) � ������������ ��������.

  ���������� ������������� ��������� ������� ����������� �������. �������� � ���������� - ��� ������������ ����������� ������ ��������-��������� ����� � ������� ������. �.�. ����������� ����� ����������� ���-������, � ������� ���������� "�����" ��������� �����.

Значительная часть навесного оборудования описываемой инжекторной системы осталась без изменений. Например, MAP-Sensors, Oxygen Sensors, TPS. Необычно расположение ECM -  непосредственно под капотом...

1AZ-FSE Fuel Injector

1AZ-FSE Fuel Injector

��������� ��������� � ����������� 1AZ-FSE

В D-4 также используется система переменного газораспределения ( VVT-i , Variable Valve Timing-intelligent ), котор�� позволяет увеличить крутящий момент и мощность двигателя при одновременном снижении токсичности выхлопных газов.
��� �������� ������ ������� �������� NOx ��������� ������� ������� EGR (Frazzle-gas recirculation), � ������� ������� ����� ��������� ����� �������� � ��������, ��� ������� ���������� ������� ����������� NOx � ������� ���������� �� ����������. GDI-���������� ��������� ������� ������� ��������� ��������-��������� �����, ��� ������ ��������� ������������ ������������ ���������� ���������� EGR ��� ����� �������� ������������ ��������. � ���������� ����� ���������� NO� � ��������� ����� ����������� �� 70...95 %.

EGR Parameters D-4

������������ �������������� � ������ ������� ��������� �������� ������������ ��������� ����������� �������� � ��������� ������� ��� ������������� ��������� ������������� � �������� ������ ����������� ��������� ����� ����������. ����������� ���������� ����������� � ��������� 1JZ-FSE VVT-i D-4 (BEAMS: Breakthrough Engine with Advanced Mechanism Organization).

Сравнительная таблица параметров двигателей 3S-FSE и 3S-FE

Наименование/тип двигателя

3S-FSE (D-4), DOHC, 16 5, VVT-i, (Due east-SCV)

LASRE α-II 3S-Iron
(16VALVE, EFI)
, DOHC

Объем (Capacity) , cc

1.998

Степень сжатия ( Compression Ratio)

10,0

9,v

Мощность (Horsepower), kW/PS/rpm

107 / 145 / six.000

99 / 135 / 6.000

Крутящий момент, (Torque) , N�g/rpm

196 / iv.400

181 / 4.400

Awarding **

Содержание CO2, one thousand/km

166

207

Экономичность, km /Fifty

1v,4 (Vista GF-SV50)

1two,two (Vista GF-SV55)

Содержание вредных выхлопов

NOx, g/km

0,25

HC, thousand/km

0,25

CO, one thousand/km

2,10

Давление в топливной системе (Fuel Pressure Regulator), MPa

до 12,0

0,33

*��������, � MarkII (E-JZX100 � BEAMS 1JT-GTE VVT-i and ECT-E) �� ����� "10-xv" �������������10.6 ��/� � eighteen ��/�  ��� 60 ��/���

  ��������� � ������ �������� ������� ���������� ��������� �������� O2, �� � ����� ��������������� ����������. ��� ����, ����� ��������� ��� �������� � ������ ���������� �����, ������� ������ (�� ��������������� ����������) ������ ���� �������� ���������� ���������� ����� (λ > ane). ��� ����� ������������ ���������� ������������� �������������� ������� ���������� ���������. ��������� �� ����������� �����������, ��� ��������� �������� ������� ����������� ����� ���� �� ��������� ������. � ���������� �� ���������� ����������� ����������� ������� ��������� �� ����� �������� ���������, ��� ��������� �������� ������������ ����������� Euro IV � ULEV.

����������:
* ������ �������� �� ���������� �� ����������� ������ �� ����������� ������� ����������������� �������, � �������� ����� ���� �������� ��������� ��������� ������ � ������������� ���������.
**����������� ������� D-iv ������������� ���������� �� ������ ��� ����������� ��������� �����. ��������, Avensis two.0 D4 (1AZ-FSE); Carisma GDI, Galant VR-G (1.8-litre 4G93), Space Runner GDI (4G64).
***See other inform for this fuel arrangement in publication from sae.org/bookstore :
"Directly Injection SI Engine Technology 1999" (ISBN 0-7680-0348-two, 270 pp., 18 Papers, Paperbound 1999, Order No. SP-1416)
"Gasoline Straight Injection Engines" (ISBN 0-7680-0616-3, 168 pp., 12 Papers, Paperbound 2000, Society No. SP-1547)
"Direct Injection Systems" (ISBN 0-7680-1070-five, 100 pp., Paperbound 2002, Lodge No. R-347)
"Directly Injection Systems for Spark-Ignition and Compression Ignition Engines" (ISBN 0-7680-0610-4, 300 pp., 13 chartes, Paperbound 2000, Order No. R-289)
"Automative Gasoline-Direct Injection Engines" (ISBN 0-7680-0881-4, 372 pp., Paperbound 2002, Guild No. R-315)
*

������ � ����������� � ������� "������� �������" ������ High Pressure Pump Nissan (VQ25DD)
Some photo MMC GDI Engine
See other inform in SAE TECHNICAL PAPER No.2000-01-0531 (Book Number: SP-1499)

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Increasing My Fuel Mileage on a 98 Gmc Sanoma 4.3 Litre by Changing the Differential Gears UPDATED

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